Survival at 40 Below

Written by Debbie S. Miller

Published by Walker Publishing Company in 2010

"Inch by inch, the layer of snow deepens with each winter storm. On a frigid January day, the temperature plummets to 40 below zero."

Summary: In The Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve, winter lasts for months on end as harsh winds, feet of snow and below-zero temperatures cause the ground to freeze solid. The Tundra is a harsh place; but many animals have amazing ways to adapt to the freezing temperatures, and survive through the winter.

Awards and Acclaim: 

• A Teacher's Choice Book
• "A fascinating look at the great diversity of animal adaptations, as well as an introduction to some lesser-known species."—Kirkus Reviews

Reading Level: Grades 3-4

Suggested Delivery: Independent Read

Description: Non-fiction, Picture book, Science-based

Key Vocabulary: tundra, cache, morsels, larvae, glucose, duff, torpor, insulated, lethal, dormant

Teaching Suggestions:

1. Have students practice using the glossary in the back of the book. This can be done before, during and after reading as they encounter unfamiliar terms. 
2. Make sure students are familiar with the climate and seasons of Alaska. One concept in particular is "endless days" where the sun does not set. This ca be done through a short discussion or some brief research.
3. Introduce students to The Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve. Show students a map and have them look up some basic information about the park.

Comprehension Strategies:

Before Reading: Give students a brief summary of the book (read the inside cover, use the one above, or make your own!). After doing so, ask students to complete an anticipation guide. This should include their general predictions of the book, any background knowledge they have on the topic and any questions they have.

During Reading: While reading, have students complete a concept map. In the center of their map, they should write the main idea of the book (tundra, The Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve, Alaskan wildlife, etc.). While reading, students should extend their map with details and supporting facts.

After Reading: Students will compare the tundra to other climates through a Venn Diagram. If this is the first climate discussed in class, have students compare it to what they know about their own climate where they live. They should focus on temperatures, wildlife, daylight, seasons, etc.

Writing Activity: After visiting Debbie S. Miller's website (listed below) and reading the author's note in the back of the book, have students "Question the Author". Students will write to Debbie Miller asking her questions about her book, her experiences, or The Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve. 

Electronic Resources:

Debbie Miller's Website

The author's site provides links to all of her books as well as information on her travels in the Arctic.

DVD: Gates of the Arctic

Use this DVD to support the book by giving students a real look into The Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve!

Miller, D.S. (2010). Survival at 40 Below. New York: Walter Publishing Company, Inc.